Aquilegia vulgaris (Common Columbine)

Seed Treatment (Pre-Planting Preparation)

  • Cold Stratification:

    • Mix seeds with moist sand or a damp paper towel.

    • Place in a sealed plastic bag and refrigerate at 40°F (4°C) for 3–4 weeks.

    • Check regularly to ensure they remain moist but not soggy.

  • Alternative Natural Stratification:

    • Sow seeds outdoors in late fall for natural cold treatment over winter.

Planting Instructions

  • Best Planting Time:

    • Indoors: Start 6–8 weeks before the last frost.

    • Outdoors: Sow directly in early spring or fall.

  • Soil Requirements:

    • Well-draining, moist, rich soil with a pH of 6.0–7.0.

    • A mix of loam and compost works well.

  • Sunlight:

    • Prefers partial shade, but can tolerate full sun in cooler climates.

  • Planting Depth:

    • Surface sow – press seeds lightly into the soil but do not cover (light aids germination).

  • Spacing:

    • 12–18 inches (30–45 cm) apart to allow airflow.

  • Watering:

    • Keep soil evenly moist but not waterlogged.

    • Use a gentle misting spray to avoid disturbing seeds.

  • Temperature for Germination:

    • 55–65°F (13–18°C).

  • Germination Time:

    • 21–35 days (may be longer without stratification).

Care After Germination

  • Thinning: Once seedlings develop two sets of true leaves, space them 12–18 inches apart.

  • Fertilization: Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer every 4–6 weeks during growth.

  • Mulching: A thin layer of organic mulch helps retain moisture and suppress weeds.

  • Deadheading: Remove spent flowers to encourage more blooms and prevent excessive self-seeding.

  • Winter Care: In cold regions, mulch lightly to protect roots. Plants will often self-seed for future growth.

? With patience, these elegant blooms will bring beauty to your garden year after year! ??