For optimal germination rates, initiate seed propagation indoors under controlled conditions—unless the species exhibits a high sensitivity to root disturbance. This approach allows precise regulation of temperature, humidity, and light, improving germination consistency and seedling viability. Do not skip any recommended seed treatments, as they are essential for uniform and successful germination.
Keep soil evenly moist during germination. DO NOT LET IT DRY OUT—once seeds begin absorbing water (imbibition), drying can kill the seed embryo, and even brief dryness after sprouting can kill seedlings.
Seed Treatment:
• Soak seeds in lukewarm water for 6–8 hours before sowing.
• For advanced growers: GA3 (Gibberellic Acid) may improve germination. Use only if experienced—improper use can damage seeds.
When to Sow:
Indoors: 4–6 weeks before last frost (late winter to early spring).
Outdoors: Direct sow in spring after danger of frost or in early autumn in mild climates.
Germination Time:
• up to 21 days.
Optimum Temperature to Germinate:
• 18–21°C (64–70°F)
Light Requirements for Germination:
• Light helps—do not cover deeply.
• Use grow lights to maintain 12–16 hours of light per day.
How to Sow:
• Use well-draining seed-starting mix.
• Sow on the surface and lightly press in—do not bury.
• Mist to keep moist but not soggy.
• Humidity: Use a humidity dome or clear cover to maintain consistent moisture during germination. Open the dome BRIEFLY once per day to allow fresh air in and reduce mold risk. Remove the dome entirely once seedlings emerge.
Post-Germination Care:
• Remove cover once seedlings emerge.
• Provide strong light (sunny windowsill or grow light).
• Water gently from the base once seedlings are established.
• Transplant when seedlings have 2–3 sets of true leaves.
Growing Tips:
• Plant in full sun (6+ hrs/day).
• Prefers sandy or loamy soil, neutral to slightly alkaline.
• Avoid overwatering—roots dislike soggy conditions.
• Very fast growing; blooms in 6–8 weeks.
• Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming.