For optimal germination rates, initiate seed propagation indoors under controlled conditions—unless the species exhibits a high sensitivity to root disturbance. This approach allows precise regulation of temperature, humidity, and light, improving germination consistency and seedling viability. Do not skip any recommended seed treatments, as they are essential for uniform and successful germination.
⚠️ Keep soil evenly moist during germination. DO NOT LET IT DRY OUT—once seeds begin absorbing water (imbibition), drying can kill the seed embryo, and even brief dryness after sprouting can kill seedlings.
Seed Treatment
Soak in room-temperature water for 8 hours before sowing. Sow immediately after soaking.
When to Sow
Indoors: Start 6–8 weeks (42–56 days) before your last frost.
Outdoors: Direct sow after the last frost once soil has warmed and danger of frost has passed.
Germination Conditions
Optimum Temperature: Use a heat mat to maintain steady temperatures of 18–22°C (64–72°F)
Light Requirement: Light required for germination – surface sow only.
Germination time: Up to 21 days.
Humidity: Use a humidity dome or clear cover to maintain consistent moisture during germination. Open the dome BRIEFLY once per day to allow fresh air in and reduce mold risk. Remove the dome entirely once seedlings emerge.
How to Sow Indoors
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Fill trays or small pots with a well-draining seed-starting mix.
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Moisten soil evenly before sowing.
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Scatter seeds on the surface and gently press into the soil—do not cover.
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Use grow lights to maintain 12–16 hours of light per day.
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Maintain steady moisture until germination.
Post-Germination Care
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Keep in bright light to prevent legginess.
• Thin or transplant once seedlings develop 2–3 true leaves.
• Harden off gradually over 7–10 days before transplanting outdoors.
Final Spacing: 20–25 cm (8–10 inches) apart
Plant Type: Hardy annual
Mature Height: 30–45 cm (12–18 inches)
Growing Tips
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Prefers full sun and well-drained soil.
• Tolerates poor or sandy soils.
• Avoid overly rich soil—too much nitrogen reduces flowering.
• Excellent for cutting and drying—harvest when blooms are fully open but centers are not overmature.
• Deadhead to extend bloom period.
Perfect for cottage gardens, borders, containers, and dried flower arrangements.
More guides at: bloomoutlet.com/seed-guides