Perennial | Daisy-like blooms | Deer-resistant | Pollinator-friendly
Seed Treatment
Cold Stratification: Place seeds on a moist paper towel, fold it, and seal in a labeled ziplock bag. Refrigerate at 4°C (39°F) for 3–4 weeks. Check weekly — if seedlings emerge early, gently transplant into soil.
GA3 (Gibberellic Acid) may stimulate germination but can destroy seeds if misused — only use if experienced.
When to Sow
Indoors: Start in late winter to early spring (January–April).
Outdoors: Sow in fall to early winter (October–January) for natural stratification. Only suitable where winter temperatures stay between 0–5°C (32–41°F).
Optimum Germination Temperature: 18–21°C (65–70°F)
Germination Time: Up to 30 days after stratification
Light Requirements for Germination
Seeds need light to germinate. Do not cover with soil.
Use grow lights to maintain 12–16 hours of light per day.
How to Sow Indoors
• Surface sow on moist, well-draining seed-starting mix
• Press gently to ensure contact
• Mist to avoid dislodging seeds
Humidity: Use a humidity dome or clear cover to maintain consistent moisture during germination. Open the dome briefly once per day to allow fresh air in and reduce mold risk. Remove the dome entirely once seedlings emerge.
Post-Germination Care
Move seedlings to bright, indirect light
Water from below or mist gently
Transplant when 2–3 true leaves appear
Harden off before moving outdoors (gradual exposure over 7–10 days)
Outdoor Stratification
For fall/winter sowing: sow on moist soil or in seed trays left outdoors. Cover lightly or protect with mesh. In spring, as temperatures rise, germination begins naturally.
If seedlings emerge during stratification, remove them from the bag and plant right away.
Growing Tips
Space plants 30–45 cm (12–18 in.) apart
Prefers full sun and rich, well-drained soil
Deadhead to encourage continuous blooms
Divide every few years to maintain vigor
Makes excellent cut flowers