eed Treatment (Stratification Required):
Warm Stratify: Keep seeds at 64–71°F (18–22°C) for 2–4 weeks in moist soil.
Cold Stratify: After warm stratification, refrigerate seeds at 24–39°F (–4 to +4°C) for 4–6 weeks. Keep soil moist throughout.
If the cold period is warmer than recommended, extend stratification time accordingly.
If seedlings emerge during cold stratification, gently remove and plant immediately.
Optimum Temperature for Germination:
After stratification, place at 15–20°C (59–68°F). Do not cover seeds deeply—light aids germination.
Maximum Germination Time:
Germination may take 3 to 12 weeks, depending on conditions AFTER stratification.
Sowing Instructions:
Use a gritty, well-draining seed-starting mix.
Sow on the surface or barely cover. Keep the soil consistently moist—never waterlogged.
Light Requirements:
Place in bright, indirect sunlight or under grow lights during germination.
Post-Germination Care:
Move seedlings to a cool, bright area (10–15°C / 50–59°F) after germination.
Transplant carefully when seedlings have at least 2 true leaves. Handle by the leaves to avoid damaging roots or stems.
Extra Tips:
• Use a plastic dome or bag to retain humidity, then remove once seedlings emerge.
• Do not allow the soil to dry out during any stage.
• Harden off before transplanting outdoors.
Best Sowing Time:
Start indoors in late winter or early spring, or sow in autumn for natural stratification.
Outdoor Spacing:
Space plants 15–20 cm (6–8 in) apart in full sun with good drainage.