For optimal germination rates, initiate seed propagation indoors under controlled conditions—unless the species exhibits a high sensitivity to root disturbance. This approach allows precise regulation of temperature, humidity, and light, improving germination consistency and seedling viability. Do not skip any recommended seed treatments, as they are essential for uniform and successful germination.
When to Sow Indoors
Start seeds indoors 8–10 weeks (56–70 days) before the last frost date.
Light Requirements for Germination
Seeds need light to germinate. Do not cover.
Use grow lights to maintain 12–16 hours of light per day.
Optimum Germination Temperature: Use a heating mat to maintain steady temperatures of 68–75°F (20–24°C)
Maximum Germination Time: up to 60 days
How to Sow Indoors
Use seed trays or shallow pots filled with a fine, moist, well-draining seed-starting mix.
Surface sow seeds—sprinkle gently and press in without covering.
Humidity: Use a humidity dome or clear cover to maintain consistent moisture during germination. Open the dome BRIEFLY once per day to allow fresh air in and reduce mold risk. Remove the dome entirely once seedlings emerge.
Mist with a spray bottle to keep soil consistently moist but not soggy.
Post-Germination Care
Once seedlings develop true leaves, transplant carefully into larger containers to avoid damaging roots. Harden off before planting outdoors.
Final spacing: 10–15 ft (3–4.5 m) between trees
Type: Fast-growing deciduous tree
Mature height: 30–70 ft (9–21 m)
Prefers full sun and well-draining soil. Drought-tolerant once established.
Growing Tips
Pinch back young seedlings to encourage strong branching. Protect from frost in the first year. Avoid overwatering—roots are sensitive to waterlogged soil.